Unpublished Manuscript Journal of the Great Sioux War by Noted Army Officer
This handwritten diary is a remarkable first-hand record of Lieutenant Walter S. Schuyler's experiences during the Great Sioux War of 1876. The period covered is September 12, 1876, to April 8, 1877, with the journal comprising a detailed account of the day-to-day military operations and significant events of this critical period in frontier history. As aide-de-camp to General George Crook, commander of the Department of the Platte, Schuyler was privy to cavalry movements, and interacted directly with all the key military actors in the conflict. In occasional introspective moments, Schuyler goes beyond the facts of daily military life, at one point expressing his personal opinions about Native Americans, and in another moment disparaging the so-called fearless frontiersman. But the supreme historical import of this journal rests in its status as a document of the horrible realities of frontier Indian wars: violent death, cold, disease, lack of proper nourishment; it's all here.
The journal begins with a summary of logistical details, including number of Indian scouts, in the form of a handwritten table captioned.
Powder River Expedition. Strength of Command. Present.
Throughout September 1876, Schuyler recounts various military movements and engagements. For example, on September 14, he describes the ambush and death of a private from the 5th Cavalry. In subsequent entries, he narrates General Crook's movements, including a visit to Deadwood and the warm reception they received there, highlighting the interaction between the military and local communities.
Schuyler also provides firsthand accounts of the aftermath of the Battle of Slim Buttes, a significant U.S. victory following the defeat at Little Bighorn. This battle, where U.S. forces led by General Crook engaged with over 600 Native Americans led by Crazy Horse, marked a pivotal moment in the war.
His entries in October reflect the ongoing tension and skirmishes with Native American forces. Reports of soldiers and civilians being ambushed, killed, and scalped by Native Americans are interspersed with descriptions of military maneuvers and social events, portraying the complexity and unpredictability of frontier life.
Significantly, Schuyler documents the strategic actions of General Ranald S. Mackenzie, including the disarming and detainment of Native American leaders like Red Leaf and Red Cloud. This move against both friendly and hostile Native American communities illustrates the broader strategy of the U.S. military during this period.
Schuyler's reflections on the differences between Native American and white American approaches to war and peace offer a rare moment of introspection by an otherwise fact-focused army officer. His observation that Native Americans are "at war with every man until a formal peace has been made" contrasts sharply with his view of the white man's approach to peace and war.
The journal also touches upon the harsh winter conditions and logistical challenges, such as "frozen ink," affecting Schuyler's ability to maintain regular entries. His concise journal entries are punctuated by occasional asides about his superiors, as well as personal thoughts about the Indians.
The final notes in the volume, dated decades later (May 18, 1931), represent Schuyler's efforts to fill gaps in his journal using Major North's published diary. These later additions to the journal, written after Schuyler's retirement from the Army, speak to his strong desire to preserve a complete record of his experiences.
In summary, Lieutenant Walter S. Schuyler's journal from the Great Sioux War of 1876 provides a valuable, detailed perspective on the military operations, engagements with Native American forces, and daily life during this turbulent period in American history.
Offered here:
- Schuyler's original handwritten journal, with 50 pages of detailed daily entries recording army advances, scouting expeditions, hostile Indians, during the Great Sioux War.
- Ten photographs sent to Schuyler by Albert W. Johnson in 1930. Stamped on verso: "A. W. Johnson / Marine-on-St. Croix, Rt. 1, Box 4, Washington Co., Minnesota." The photographs are detailed images of the topography of the Dull Knife Battlefield area in Johnson County, Wyoming. In November 1876 Colonel Ranald Mackenzie and his cavalry force along with Indian allies surprised Cheyenne warriors sleeping in a large village on the Red Fork of the Power Rider in Wyoming Territory. One of the accompanying letters, a 3-page typed letter, signed, from Johnson, dated Dec. 29, 1930, describes the numbered photographs in detail.
- Two related letters dated October 8, 1930 and December 29, 1930 (the latter mentioned above), both by historian Albert W. Johnson, the first requesting Schuyler's recollections "for posterity" of his service at Dull Knife, the second thanking Schuyler for his career sketch and memories of the Red Fork Valley.
Lt. Walter Scribner Schuyler
Historian Dan Thrapp described Schuyler as "one of the better, more dependable and intelligent officers in the Indian-fighting army and was widely esteemed." Thrapp included a fairly extensive entry on Schuyler in his Encyclopedia of Frontier Biography (1998):
From June 1872 until May 1873 he engaged in scouting and from February 1873 until February 1875 commanded scout companies taking part in numerous engagements and for them being breveted first lieutenant. His chief of scouts most often was Al Sieber and they made an effective team, Schuyler enjoying the complete confidence of Crook, then commanding the department of Arizona. On leave from February 1875 to February 1876 he visited Finland and European Russia. Schuyler was aid to Crook from May 30, 1876, until 1877, becoming a first lieutenant and taking part in the "Starvation March" and the fight at Slim Buttes, Dakota, September 9-10, 1876. He was with Mackenzie in the attack on the Cheyenne village on Bates Creek, Wyoming, November 25, 1876.
Schuyler had a distinguished military career spanning numerous wars during the 19th and early 20th centuries: in addition to the Western Indian Wars, he served in the Spanish American War, the Philippine American War, and the Mexican Border War. He received several domestic and foreign awards for his service, including the New York State Spanish American War Medal, the Chinese Order of the Double Dragoon, and the Russian Order of Saint Stanislaus. Schuyler was professor of military science at Cornell from 1883-86 and from 1896-98. He became a Brigadier General in 1911. After retirement from the Army he served as President of the Sierra-Alaska Mining Company of California.
Great Sioux War of 1876
Also known as the Black Hills War, the Great Sioux War of 1876 marked a critical point in the United States' expansion and its relations with Native American tribes. This conflict arose primarily over the discovery of gold in the Black Hills of South Dakota, a region sacred to the Sioux and legally granted to them by the Treaty of Fort Laramie in 1868. The U.S. government's attempts to purchase the Black Hills were rejected by the Sioux, leading to the outbreak of hostilities.
The war is notable for several key battles, including the famous Battle of the Little Bighorn, where Lieutenant Colonel George Custer and his 7th Cavalry were defeated by a coalition of Sioux and Cheyenne warriors led by Sitting Bull and Crazy Horse. This battle became emblematic of Native American resistance but also precipitated a fierce response from the U.S. government.
Ultimately, the war resulted in the defeat of the Sioux and their allies, leading to their removal from the Black Hills and the breaking up of their reservations into smaller units, significantly weakening their traditional way of life. In many ways this conflict exemplifies the broader pattern of the U.S. government's approach to Native American tribes during this era, characterized by military confrontations and forced assimilation.
The Great Sioux War thus represents a pivotal moment in the history of the American West, symbolizing both the resistance of Native American tribes to U.S. expansion and the eventual dominance of U.S. military and political power in the region.
The journal of Lieutenant Walter S. Schuyler, offering a first-hand account of many of these events, provides valuable insights into this turbulent and transformational period in American frontier history.
Following are extensive excerpts from the Sioux War journal:
Schuyler's early entries should be seen in light of the aftermath of the Battle of Slim Buttes. The engagement took place on September 9 and 10, 1876, and marked the first major victory for U.S. forces against the Miniconjou Sioux since General George Custer's stunning defeat and death at the Battle of Little Bighorn. After U.S. forces led by General Crook surrounded an indigenous settlement near Reva, South Dakota, soldiers faced a response of over 600 Native Americans led by Crazy Horse. Crook pushed the warriors back within forty-five minutes.
Sept. 14 1876: "With Major Upham 5th Cavalry returned to the main column on 'Belle Tourche.' About 7 o'clock this morning Private Milun Co. "A" 5th having left camp to hunt was ambushed by 5 Indians, killed and scalped in sight of the pickets. His horse lay dead about 20 feet from him."
Sept 16: "General Crook with his staff, and Col. Chawbus, Majs. Burt and Powell of the ?, and Messrs. Wasson and Finerty correspondents, with a small escort and packtrain under Lt. Sibley 2nd Cav. proceeded to Crook Cy, where the citizens gave us a dinner and a hearty welcome. Thence we went on to Deadwood (12 miles) where the people turned out en masse to welcome the general. In the evening the Gen. made a speech from the balcony and another in the threatre, Bourke and Burt also made addresses. We were offered the freedom of the town and in the evening made the rounds."
Sept. 18: "Marched 40 miles to Custer Cy. - a disreputable hole. Met Egan and Allison 2nd. Cav'y.
Sept. 19: "Started for Red Cloud, but after travelling 7 miles Egan and Gen. C. came up with fresh horses which some of us take and push on for Camp Robinson, making the 90 miles in a little over 24 hours, we halted about 5 hours of that time...."
Sept 28: "Burnham, Turey, Dr. Hartsuff, Bourke & self take stage at 4 a.m. and after very dusty ride, arrive in Cheyenne at 7:30 P.M. Call on Col. Stanton who came down two days before us. MajL Randall passed thro' today en route to Camps Stambough & Brown."
Oct. 3. "Dine at Turey's. In the morning, several young ladies came in and we had an impromptu dance."
Oct. 5 at 1:30 P.M. "Gen. Sherman Secty of War Cameron & party arrive by train from the west at 3 P.M. Greene of my class, per. sect'y to Mr. Cameron presented B. & self to the members of the party, including Mrs. Vansant and two misses Cameron."
October 10, 1876, Schuyler reported the deaths of two more men, writing: "Body of a man brought in from Horseshoe CK on Kellerman road, He was killed yesterday by Indians, scalp, right ear, and clothing taken off. A fight is also reported...about 25 miles from Fetterman between the hay men and 25 indians. Some hurt on both sides..."
The next day, he wrote: "Lieut. Clark and Capt. Egan return... Information has come in that a man has been killed by Indians on the Rawhide today. He was last seen mortally wounded and pursued by 4 Indians. Body has been found."
October 14: "At 9 AM received orders to move immediately. At 1:30 P.M. ambulance with Gen. C. and Nickerson pulled out followed by Lieut. Bourke and myself with our orderlies mounted. We reached Rawhide after dark, and wagons came up at 9:30 P.M. Messenger from Laramie tells us that [Jules Coffey?] found a cache of a party of Indians on the Platte and brought in the scalp of a white man recently killed. Distance from Fort L. to Rawhide 18 mi."
October 17: "Most of the Indians have removed their villages to some point about 30 miles off, probably to avoid any chance of [arresting runners?] from the [Hostiles?]. Much a good many officers of 4th Art'y. 4th Cav'y 5th Cav'y and 14th & 9th Inft'y who are stationed here."
October 18: "News has come in of a fight between a detcht. of Egan's Co. (2nd Cav) and a body of Indians near Hamilton's Ranch in which 1 soldier was killed."
Oct. 19: "Rain & storm. Reading 'Walden.'"
Oct. 22: "Gen. MacKenzie with 8 companies moved out after dark in a very mysterious manner. Their car of Infantry with wagons and a large supply of rations are ordered to move on Spotted Tail road at daylight tomorrow."
October 23, "General Ranald S. Mackenzie launched an initiative against two important Native American leaders."
Gen Mackenzie surrounded the camps of Red Leaf and Red Cloud at daylight, the Indians were disarmed, and their ponies taken from them without firing a shot. Col Gordon took Red Leaf. Gen M. Red Cloud. Then were captured 700+ ponies and 50 stands of arms. Col. Gordon arrived after dark with the ponies & 85 Indians, the former being placed in the corral, the latter in the Comisy. building. The hdqrs. started in the A.M. for Cl. Sheridan, but Spotted Tail being himself here, the General ordered the wagons back, and held a council with S.T. at the Agency. Col. Royall with the 3rd, 2nd, Cav'y....arrived and encamped on the river.
The arrests of Red Leaf and Red Cloud formed part of a military crackdown against both friendly and hostile Native American communities. Mackenzie briefly detained the two leaders for failing to turn in hostile individuals that were staying at their settlement. The move was a precursor to Mackenzie's campaign against the Northern Cheyenne in November of that year.
Oct. 24. Spotted Tail declared chief of the Sioux Nation:
Gen. Mackenzie arrived with the squaws, children, camp equipage &c. of the Indians. Gen. Merritt arrived with the 5th Cav'y. Major Burt arrives with the Infantry. Gen'l Crook held a council with the Chiefs, and made Spotted Tail head chief of the Sioux Nation. S.T. was given a parchment with red ink and ribbons. The prisoners when they appeared strawn up outside the post between two lines of cavalry, produced a salutary effect on the others. The men all very busy this P.M. writing orders for the separation of the troops composing the B.H. & Y.E.
Oct. 25: "Hdqrs. left for Laramie, camping at the Niobrara (32 miles). Maj. Burt with 3 Cos. Infantry also camped there. Col. Mason commands camp Robinson with 10 cos. Inf. & Cav. Gen. Merritt goes to Russell with Hdqrs. of 5th Cav. to McPherson. Col. Evans & Hdqrs. 3rd to Laramie, 2 cos. 5th to Sidney. Col. Royall appointed Inspector for the Department."
Nov. 5: "Marched from Laramie for Fetterman. Gen. Mackenzie with his cavalry, the Pawnee scouts and the Sioux scouts also started. Gen. Crook camped at Warm Springs. Bourke & self with 3 citizens went on by mistake and camped out at Bull's Bend of the Platte (27 miles)."
Nov. 7: "Arrive at Fetterman (35 mi) and establish Hdqrs. in comd'g officer's house, now vacant. Clark with Sioux scouts arrived & went into camp near mouth of La Prele.
Nov. 8: "Gen. Mackenzie with his command and Pawnee Scouts came in. 2 Inf. Cos. from Spotted Tail came in. 2 Inf. Cos from Spotted Tail came with his command."
Nov. 14: "Mached for 'the field', Hdqrs leaving the post at 12 n. and the rest of the command a little earlier. Camped at Sage Ck. 10 miles. Very bad water in holes. The Infantry, Hdqrs, & wagon train camped together. The cavalry & Sioux scounts 3 or 4 miles above.
Nov. 15: "Broke camp at daylight, and marched to South Cheyenne, (20 miles). Very bad alkaline water. [Aim'd?] my gun on the cattle and did some very bad shooting."
Nov. 16: "Marched to wind River (21.50 mi). During the march, we saw the Indians run down a wounded anteloupe shooting it from the horses. Col. Stanton, paymr. arrived with mail. Bowman 9th Inf. and Reilly 5th Cav'y also came, the latter in command of escort."
Nov. 17: "...marched 22 miles to Dry Fork (Buffalo Fork) of Powder River. Heavy snow squall in the early morning. Harsh wind all day. Indians report seeing a number of Sioux near Pumpkin Buttes. Gen'l sent out 14 Arapahoes to investigate the matter."
Nov. 18: "Arapahoes sent out yesterday found the camp of the party seen. They surrounded it preparatory to an attack, but discovered that the supposed Sioux were white men. Marched 15 miles to Cantonment Reno, Capt. Pollack met us about 5 miles out. We find the troops still under canvas still, their small log huts being incomplete for lack of window sash. The coming storehouse is of canvas [blank] feet long and very well constructed. Hdqrs are camped in rear of the post. The Infantry below on the river, the cavalry about a mile below. We find Cosgrove with 105 Shoshone (91 men) awaiting us here. "Texas Bob" (Eccles) is also with them. General Crook sent 14 Arapahoes with 4 days' rations to scout. Indians are reported in large numbers on both sides of the Big Horn Mts. Some have been seen on "Crazy Woman's Fork" and near Old Phil Kearney. Pawnees and Sioux paid by Stanton.
Nov. 19: "The command remains here today. Although very busy with writing and getting ready the mail, we still had time to attend a council held by the Gen'l in front of his tent in the morning. The Indians were drawn up in a circle, and exhorted by the Gen'l to come to a peaceable understanding among themselves. Several of the principal Indians made speeches
(N.B. Indian eloquence has been much exaggerated). Eight tribes were represented among the scouts, Utes, Shoshones, Bannacks, Nez Perces, Pawnees, Arapahoes, Cheyennes & Sioux....Dispatches arrived from Col. Mason at Red Cloud, the Indians there insist that the hostiles are on Tongue River and Goose Ck. The order for the march tomorrow morning has been countermanded."
At this point in the journal Schuyler took a moment to record his perceptions of Native Americans compared to white Americans:
The strangest and perhaps one of the greatest points of dissimilarity between the Indians and the white man is the fact that the former is at war with every man until a formal peace has been made. His hand is against every man and every man's hand against him. With the white man the case is just the reverse. He considers himself at peace with all until war has been declared.
Nov. 20: "One man of the cavalry died last night from Whiskey and exposure to the storm, and was buried today. The vendors of the liquor were discovered this A.M. on the opposite side of the river and were lodged in the guard house. 34 miners arrive from the Big Horn Mts. but bring no valuable information...."
Nov. 23: "Expedition under Mackenzie started for Big Horn Mts. marched 12 miles, camped on Fork of Crazy Woman."
Nov. 24: "Lawton built a bridge to cross stream. Marched four or five miles & bivouacked till night. Marched all night."
Nov. 28: "Marched 10 miles to Fork of Crazy Woman. Captured horses distributed to scouts, as follows: Pawnees 61; Shoshones 111; Sioux, Cheyenne, Arapahoes 293 (Sioux 79. Cheyennes 21; Arapahoe 193). Pvt. McFarland (wounded) died.
Nov. 29: "...Among the articles found in the village and not referred to in daily papers, were a buckskin bag full of hands of Shoshone babies, one war shield, numerous pipes &c.
Here Schuyler critiques Gen. Mackenzie's leadership style, comparing him to Gen. Crook:
General Mackenzie, though a man of immense energy, does not show the decision of character that one would expect from his high reputation. He changes his mind very often, and when one receives an order from him, one can never tell how soon it will be countermanded or altered. On the field he is brave as a lion, apparently caring nothing for bullets, and moves from point to point continually. On the 25th he exposed himself necessarily and very often to the sharpshooters fire. He is directly the opposite of Gen. Crook who always displays great confidence in the ability of his subordinates to execute his order properly. One of the bravest men on the field was Col. Gordon 5th Cav'y who charged with the company that moved to the support of McKinney. Lawton, Gen. Mackenzie's qrmr showed great coolness attending to his duties with great care during the heat of action.
Nov. 30: "Funeral of five men killed in fight of 25th. Private Baird was buried on the field where he fell. The others were brought here, there names were Corpl. John T. Ryan, Pvt's John Sullivan, Alexander Keller, John Menges, and Alexander McFarland. The graves are on a small flat on the north side of Crazy Woman Ck. about 400 yards from the stream, and 1 3/4 miles below the crossing of the Kearney road....Commenced a letter to the N.Y. Times descriptive of our fight."
His December entries describe the hardships brought on by the winter, including an interesting later note in red ink: "Diary [is] interfered by frozen ink."
Dec. 1: "Sergeant Patterson Co. 4th Cav'y was killed by his horse falling on him, and buried near the others. A party of Arapahoe scouts started for the scene of our fight to glean horses & information. Gen'l Crook sent 14 Sioux and Arapahoes to Red Cloud with a half breed - Louis Chaupan to enlist some more Indians."
Dec. 3: "Broke camp at 9:30 A.M. and marched per wagon road to Dry Fork of Powder River. Arapahoes sent to Big Horn Mts. on 1st inst. return with a lot of ponies. Shoshones left us at Cantonment wishing to go home on account of the relics of their people found in the Cheyenne villages. Before leaving they presented the Gen. Bourke, and myself with some curiosities, we promised them some presents when we should see them again. Bourke sent an old sore backed pony to the chief Washakie, but as soon as our backs were turned the Indians sold him for $6.00. The names of those to whom we promised presents, are O-a-tah, Werts, Tigi-Noghigs, Tehewati and Konáyé."
Dec. 4: "A threatening storm prevented us from moving. Col. Gordon, Capt. Taylor, Lieut. Ward and about 250 men whose horses are unfit for service leave for Fetterman..."
Dec. 6: "Moved 9 miles to water holes near Pumkin Buttes. This water hole is probably that known on the map as Antelope Springs, and is directly south of the southern-most Butte..."
Dec. 10: "... A party of miners arrive from the Black Hills. They report having lost several horses stolen by Indians after they left the Hills."
An extended entry for Dec. 11 details alleged violence by Indians perpetrated against miners, and includes somewhat disparaging remarks on the "hearty frontiersman" vis-à-vis his Indian fighting abilities:
I was awakened about three o'clock this morning by two men who told me that the General wanted me. Having arisen and dressed I reported for orders and was told to go to the Pawnee Camp and order out a party to investigate the matter of an alleged attack by Indians on a party of miners. It appears that the party mentioned yesterday went into camp at the coal bank referred to on Dec. 8. About 10 o'clock P.M. all being asleep without any guards the Indians made a descent on them and cleaned them out. The miners were camped in two parties about a mile apart. The Indians went first to the lower camp and took away the horses without making any disturbance. They then proceeded to the upper camp which they fired into - as alleged by the white men. The latter all ran out except one poor devil who for some reason kept his bed (*It was ascertained on cleansing the body for burial that he had been shot through the leg), and was killed by having his head smashed with his own axe. Two of this party succeeded in making their way to us in the night. The Pawnees having sent out a detachment under Lute North discovered that the Indians five in number and without horses had watched during the evening from the top of a hill, and located the camps. They had then advanced by the road and conducted the attack as I have stated. They took everything from the upper camp and made off in a southerly direction. They captured among other things 9 horses and 100 rounds of ammunition. As the miners in the upper camp were equal in number to the Indians it seems as though they might have done something to protect their property, but as is always the case in a night attack they were completely stampeded and left even their ammunition in their beds. A note from Capt. Pollack today states that two wounded miners had arrived at Reno from [P--?] Ck. near Fort Phil Kearney. They had been attacked by Indians about 2:30 P.M. and had stood them off until dark, when abandoning everything, they made their way through the mountains to Reno.
Last summer when we went into camp on Tongue River after joining Gen. Terry, we found in our camp the body of a white man who had been dead for some time. We have since learned that some weeks before when the Indians went into camp on the same spot, this man had suddenly appeared as they were watering their horses. He approached an Indian to shake hands with him, when the savage shot him dead.
So much for the hardy frontierman with his boasted superiority in Indian fighting.
There are no doubt large numbers of miners killed of whose deaths we never hear...
Dec. 20: "Major Randall crossed near Phil Kearney the trail of the Cheyennes who have no doubt gone to Crazy Horse. Some time before the fight of 25th ulto. a war party of Crows stole 40 ponies from the Cheyennes, then camped at head of Tongue River..."
The diary entries dated December 24, 1876 through February 5, 1877 are somewhat faded but remain legible.
Dec. 30: "At Fetterman. Some snow. Cav'y and pack-train start for Laramie. 23rd Infantry and 4th Arty. go to Cheyenne, 9th & 14th Inf. to Laramie. 4th Cav'y to Red Cloud. 2nd, 3rd, and 5th Cav'y to Cheyenne.
Dec. 31: "Gen. Crook, Bourke, and self go to Horseshoe Ck. in ambulance... Gen. Mackenzie and Tyler come to us about 10:30 P.M. Packtrain in camp here. Distances are from Fetterman to La Bronté 22 miles, to Elkhorn 11 miles, to Horseshoe 9 miles, total 43 miles.
Jan. 27: "Arrived at Red Cloud"
Feb. 3: "Randall leaves for Spotted Tail. One of the Indians coming in as spy from hostile camp arrested by Indian soldiers and brought to Gen'l Crook."
Feb. 5: "Col. Stanton, his clerk, Mr. Chase, and Lieut. Delany depart for Cheyenne. The latter goes on six months leave, the former has been ordered to go to Montana to pay off the Crow Scouts who are to be mustered out on the 24th Inst. Col. S. volunteered for this duty which will be a very arduous one involving a long stage trip to Fort Ellis..."
An evocative March 27 passage describes a poignant springtime moment when a soldier was laid to rest:
We are having the commencement of Spring. The day is perfect, and our open windows give free access to the fresh breeze and the varied pleasant sounds with which it is laden. The song of Mrs. Doris's Canary is mingled with cackling of fowls behind one of the cottages, the neighing of horses in the distance with the honk honk of the wild geese en route to the marshes of the Yukon. Above all rises the harmonious swell of the symphony that the band is playing, as the soldiers are slowly heaving the body of a comrade to its last resting place... The three volleys have been fired, the band has sounded the "taps"; the troops have raised their arms, and have started the march back to the tune of "Annie Lawrie." There is something more than usually sad in the death of a soldier by disease it seems that his labors weren't a more glorious ending. Happier is he who falls before the foe.
April 4th Gen. C. Thompson, John Collins, Gil' Collins & self set out for a four days hunt. We took Bill Fleet as a guide. Passing F.M. Phillips' ranche we travelled up the North Laramie 3 miles & camped. Gen. received despatches that Spotted Tail is returning with a large body of hostiles.
The last page of the diary contains a note he made on May 18, 1931 at Carmel, California, that his diary did not contain entries for December 20 to December 24, for which he has transcribed entries from the published diary of "Major North."
Rarity
Original journals by noted Army officers, with significant content relating to the Great Sioux War are very rare in the market.
Provenance
The journal was with Schuyler's family and heirs as late as 1960.