Finely executed battle plan, illustrating the action around Bennington, Vermont in August 1777.
The plan appeared in General John Burgoyne’s State of the Expedition from Canada, a defense against charges that Burgoyne mismanaged the British expedition from Canada which he commanded in the Summer-Fall of 1777. The map was drawn by Lieutenant Colonel Friedrich Baum, a German officer present on the scene, then engraved and printed by the Faden firm in London.
Battle of Bennington
The Battle of Bennington was part of the Saratoga campaign. The battle site was in Walloomsac, New York, about 10 miles west of Bennington, Vermont. The Americans forces, which consisted of New Hampshire, Vermont and Massachusetts militiamen, led by General John Stark and Colonel Seth Warner and members of the Green Mountain Boys, which decisively defeated the British forces led by Lieutenant Colonel Friedrich Baum.
William Faden (1749-1836) was the most prominent London mapmaker and publisher of the late-eighteenth and early-nineteenth centuries. His father, William Mackfaden, was a printer who dropped the first part of his last name due to the Jacobite rising of 1745.
Apprenticed to an engraver in the Clothworkers' Company, he was made free of the Company in August of 1771. He entered into a partnership with the family of Thomas Jeffreys, a prolific and well-respected mapmaker who had recently died in 1771. This partnership lasted until 1776.
Also in 1776, Faden joined the Society of Civil Engineers, which later changed its name to the Smeatonian Society of Civil Engineers. The Smeatonians operated as an elite, yet practical, dining club and his membership led Faden to several engineering publications, including canal plans and plans of other new engineering projects.
Faden's star rose during the American Revolution, when he produced popular maps and atlases focused on the American colonies and the battles that raged within them. In 1783, just as the war ended, Faden inherited his father's estate, allowing him to fully control his business and expand it; in the same year he gained the title "Geographer in Ordinary to his Majesty."
Faden also commanded a large stock of British county maps, which made him attractive as a partner to the Ordnance Survey; he published the first Ordnance map in 1801, a map of Kent. The Admiralty also admired his work and acquired some of his plates which were re-issued as official naval charts.
Faden was renowned for his ingenuity as well as his business acumen. In 1796 he was awarded a gold medal by the Society of Arts. With his brother-in-law, the astronomer and painter John Russell, he created the first extant lunar globe.
After retiring in 1823 the lucrative business passed to James Wyld, a former apprentice. He died in Shepperton in 1826, leaving a large estate.