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Description

This map from March 1942 presents a political and physical overview of Europe, highlighting the boundaries of France as they stood on September 1, 1939. 

The depiction of France's borders as of September 1, 1939, is especially significant as this date marks the beginning of World War II with the invasion of Poland by Nazi Germany. The delineation of these boundaries provides a point of reference for understanding the pre-war state of European nations.

The map encompasses the continent of Europe, with a clear demarcation of countries, major rivers, mountain ranges, and other geographical features. The color-coding likely represents different nations or territories with distinct shades outlining each country's borders. The varied topography of Europe is depicted with shaded relief, illustrating the continent's physical landscape, including its extensive coastlines, the central and northern mountainous regions, and the vast plains.

On September 1, 1939, France's borders were those established post-World War I, largely following the terms set by the Treaty of Versailles in 1919. The country's eastern boundary with Germany was marked by the Rhine River in some parts, with the regions of Alsace and Lorraine having been returned to France after being part of Germany from 1871 until 1918.

This map, made in 1942, was produced during World War II, a time when France was under German occupation following the armistice agreement in June 1940, which rendered the depicted 1939 borders obsolete.  

The broader European context shows a continent deeply embroiled in conflict, with Nazi Germany exerting control over or allied with large areas of central and eastern Europe, and Great Britain standing as one of the key adversaries of the Axis powers. The map thus captures a moment of profound historical importance, just before the widespread territorial changes that would result from the war.