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Rare map of the area centered on the Black Sea, intended to inform the French public on the status of the Turco-Russian War of 1877-78.
The war was a conflict between the Ottoman Empire and the Eastern Orthodox coalition led by the Russian Empire and composed of numerous Balkan countries. Fought in the Balkans and in the Caucasus, its origins lie in emerging nineteenth-century nationalism in the Balkan region. Additional factors include the Russian desire to recover territorial losses suffered during the Crimean War, and to reestablish itself in the Black Sea, and support the political movement attempting to free Balkan nations from the Ottoman Empire.
As a result of the war, Russia succeeded in claiming Kars and Batum. The principalities of Romania (which was also forced by Russia to cede the Budjak region of the Danube delta, in spite of an existing treaty of alliance between the two countries), Serbia and Montenegro, each of which had had de facto sovereignty for some time, formally proclaimed independence from the Ottoman Empire.
After almost five centuries of Ottoman domination (1396-1878), the Bulgarian state was reestablished as the Principality of Bulgaria, covering the land between the Danube River and the Balkan Mountains (except Northern Dobrudja which was given to Romania) as well as the region of Sofia, which became the new state's capital.
The Congress of Berlin also allowed Austria-Hungary to occupy Bosnia and Herzegovina and the United Kingdom to take over Cyprus.
![[ Black Sea ] The Euxine or Black Sea From The Russian Survey of 1826](https://storage.googleapis.com/raremaps/img/small/99954.jpg)
![Carte de la Turquie, de l'Arabie et de la Perse, dressée sur les mémoires les plus récents rectifiée par les observations de Messieurs de l'Académie Royale des Sciences par G. de L'Isle, géographe. [Map of Turkey, Arabia, and Persia, drawn up based on the most recent memoirs and corrected by the observations of the gentlemen of the Royal Academy of Sciences by G. de L'Isle, geographer.]](https://storage.googleapis.com/raremaps/img/small/94075.jpg)
