This is a decorative and highly detailed map of "The Patrimony of St. Peter, Sabina, and the Countryside of Rome, formerly Latium" by Jan Jansson, which captures the historical and geographical essence of the Papal States and the surrounding regions of Lazio, once the heartland of ancient Latium. Centered on Rome, this map exemplifies the cartographic artistry of the Dutch Golden Age, combining detailed geographic representation with elaborate decorative elements.
The map illustrates the territories surrounding Rome, including the Patrimony of St. Peter (Patrimonio di San Pietro), Sabina, and the Campagna di Roma. It extends northward to the borders of Umbria and Tuscany, eastward into the mountainous regions of Abruzzo, and southward to the coastline of the Tyrrhenian Sea. Major towns, villages, rivers, and topographical features are meticulously depicted, offering insight into the region's geography during the early modern period. Prominent lakes, such as Lago di Bracciano and Lago di Bolsena, as well as the Tiber River, are prominently featured, underscoring their importance to the region's history and economy.
The title cartouche in the upper right corner is rendered in bold, vibrant colors, framed by ornamental flourishes. The map also features a coat of arms, likely referencing the papacy, adorned with the crossed keys of St. Peter, a tiara, and other ecclesiastical symbols.
Jan Janssonius (also known as Johann or Jan Jansson or Janszoon) (1588-1664) was a renowned geographer and publisher of the seventeenth century, when the Dutch dominated map publishing in Europe. Born in Arnhem, Jan was first exposed to the trade via his father, who was also a bookseller and publisher. In 1612, Jan married the daughter of Jodocus Hondius, who was also a prominent mapmaker and seller. Jonssonius’ first maps date from 1616.
In the 1630s, Janssonius worked with his brother-in-law, Henricus Hondius. Their most successful venture was to reissue the Mercator-Hondius atlas. Jodocus Hondius had acquired the plates to the Mercator atlas, first published in 1595, and added 36 additional maps. After Hondius died in 1612, Henricus took over publication; Janssonius joined the venture in 1633. Eventually, the atlas was renamed the Atlas Novus and then the Atlas Major, by which time it had expanded to eleven volumes. Janssonius is also well known for his volume of English county maps, published in 1646.
Janssonius died in Amsterdam in 1664. His son-in-law, Johannes van Waesbergen, took over his business. Eventually, many of Janssonius’ plates were sold to Gerard Valck and Pieter Schenk, who added their names and continued to reissue the maps.