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This 1849 map of Pennsylvania, produced by Rufus L. Barnes of Philadelphia and revised under the supervision of civil engineer William E. Morris, represents a continuation and refinement of the groundbreaking work initiated by John Melish's earlier state-sponsored map of Pennsylvania. Using the same plates as the original Melish map, this updated version incorporates new data and revisions gathered from county surveys, reflecting Pennsylvania’s ongoing progress in development and accurate and comprehensive mapping.
Melish's original 1822 map, which set a high standard for state cartography, was the first of its kind to be formally backed by state resources, combining precise county surveys with legislative oversight. Melish’s pioneering vision advocated for maps that were publicly funded, rigorously controlled by state authorities, and derived from actual surveys rather than informal commercial sources. His arguments emphasized the importance of accuracy, reliability, and public accessibility in state maps, underscoring their role as essential tools for governance, development, and daily life. Melish’s collaborative work with legislators and skilled engraver Benjamin Tanner resulted in a map that was not only a practical asset but also a symbol of Pennsylvania's commitment to advanced cartographic practices.
This 1849 edition builds upon that legacy by updating the map with new county-level data, preserving Melish’s rigorous standards while reflecting changes in Pennsylvania’s landscape and infrastructure over the intervening decades. The approval of the Philadelphia County Board and the backing of the Pennsylvania Legislature further highlight the state’s dedication to maintaining a high level of accuracy and detail. This later issue exemplifies the enduring impact of Melish’s work, serving as a bridge between his foundational vision and the evolving needs of mid-19th-century Pennsylvania. It stands as a testament to the progressive role that state-sponsored cartography played in shaping the development and governance of American states in the early republic.
