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Topographic Map of Marseille and its Surroundings (1813)

This 1813 topographic map, created by P. Demarest, details the city of Marseille and parts of its adjacent territory.

The map intricately charts the cityscape, including streets, key buildings, landmarks, and the surrounding rural lands, showcasing meticulous delineation of land plots and topographical features. Significant city structures, such as the port and fortifications, are prominently featured, highlighting their importance to Marseille's layout and defense.

The map's creation was supported by several notable figures: P. Demarest, identified as the geographical engineer, was affiliated with the French naval and colonial mapping agency, playing a key role in its detailed execution. The project commenced under the auspices of Mr. A.C. Thiers and Mr. A. Anthoine, Baron de St. Joseph, who likely provided financial and logistical support, with the Baron's status as an Officer of the Legion of Honor lending prestige to the endeavor. Additionally, Mr. Charles Delacroix, serving as the prefect of the Bouches-du-Rhône and a state councilor, facilitated necessary administrative approvals and resources, ensuring the map’s completion. 

Marseille

Marseille, originally founded as the Greek colony of Massalia around 600 BC by settlers from Phocaea, flourished as a vibrant hub of Hellenistic culture and commerce in southern Gaul. The city-state played a crucial role in the Second Punic War, allying with the Roman Republic against Carthage, which allowed it to maintain a degree of autonomy and control over its expansive maritime trade network throughout the Mediterranean. However, this independence ended in 49 BC when Massalia sided with the opposition in Caesar's Civil War and was subsequently besieged and absorbed into the Roman Empire, marking the beginning of Gallo-Roman cultural influences.

In the late 18th Century, Marseille experienced significant upheavals and transformations. The city never fully recovered from the devastation of the Great Plague of Marseille in 1720, which drastically reduced its population. However, by the mid-18th century, its population and economy began to revive, setting the stage for its influential role during the French Revolution. In 1792, Marseille's volunteers famously marched to Paris singing a new revolutionary song, later named "La Marseillaise," which became France's national anthem. 

Marseille’s recovery and growth resumed in the early 19th century. Following the turmoil of the Revolution and the Napoleonic Wars, Marseille began to rebuild and expand. The city's port facilities were improved and expanded, cementing its role as a major Mediterranean trading hub. Trade with the French colonies, especially those in North Africa, increased significantly, leading to economic growth and increased prosperity for the city.