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Johannes van Loon's 1666 sea chart is an important early mapping of the northern reaches of America, encapsulating Hudson Bay, Davis Straits, and the elusive North West Passage. This chart is recognized as the first sea chart of the region, issued in a period of fervent exploration and cartographic innovation.

The chart is enriched with annotations regarding the explorations undertaken by notable figures such as Sir Thomas Button, Henry Hudson, and Thomas James, highlighting the historical significance of these voyages in shaping European understanding of these remote territories. Henry Hudson, during his ill-fated final voyage in 1611, extensively charted the eastern shores of Hudson Bay, solidifying his name in the annals of Arctic exploration despite his mysterious end. The chart reflects tentative coastlines based on Hudson’s observations, which were critical in shaping subsequent exploratory initiatives in the region. 

Sir Thomas Button, in 1612-13, led an expedition aimed at finding a passage to Asia following Hudson's earlier routes. His exploration provided detailed mappings of the western shorelines of Hudson Bay and notably named areas such as Button Bay. Thomas James, another prominent figure in the exploration of the Canadian Arctic during his 1631-32 voyage, endeavored to validate the existence of the North West Passage. 

Aesthetically, van Loon’s chart is adorned with striking decorative elements typical of the period's maritime charts. It features elaborate cartouches, a compass rose, and depictions of three sailing ships, enhancing its visual appeal and making it a compelling piece for collectors and historians alike.  

This map was published to accompany a sea atlas by Van Loon and Van Waesberg after the death of the latter's father-in-law, Jan Jansson. The chart’s rarity is further noted by historical cartographers, with Philip Burden regarding it as a probable progenitor to Pieter Goos' similar chart in his 'Zee Atlas' of the same year, though van Loon’s work is suggested to have precedence due to its innovative approach.