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Description

This four-sheet wall map, titled Mappe-Monde ou Carte Générale du Globe Terrestre, is a finely detailed depiction of the world on Mercator’s projection. Originally created by Robert de Vaugondy and updated by Charles François Delamarche, it showcases the geographic knowledge and maritime exploration routes of the late 18th century. 

The map provides a detailed rendering of the world’s continents and oceans, emphasizing both physical geography and key maritime routes. Prominent tracks include the voyages of Captain James Cook, highlighting his three historic expeditions that expanded European understanding of the Pacific and southern hemispheres. The Manila Galleon route, connecting China and California in 1743, is marked, alongside the route of Commodore George Anson’s Centurion during its circumnavigation in 1740–1744. Additionally, the map traces the paths of the French ships l’Aigle and la Marie in 1738–1739, reflecting their contributions to transoceanic navigation. 

One of the map's most intriguing features is its depiction of lands discovered by Álvaro de Mendaña during his Pacific expeditions in 1588, which some scholars associate with the Spanish discovery of the Hawaiian Islands. These annotations underscore the evolving understanding of the Pacific region, where European powers sought new territories and trade routes. 

The cartouche, located in the lower-right corner, is an ornate rococo design featuring maritime imagery such as flowing water, sea creatures, and navigational tools. This decorative element not only reflects the artistic sensibilities of the time but also emphasizes the map’s maritime focus. Symbols of exploration, such as ships and flora, reinforce the themes of discovery and trade. 

Condition Description
4-sheets, joined as issued. Several areas of wear along folds and some soiling.
Gilles Robert de Vaugondy Biography

Gilles Robert de Vaugondy (1688-1766) and Didier Robert de Vaugondy (1723-1786) were influential figures in the realm of 18th-century French cartography. Originating from Paris, their contributions to mapmaking were significant during an era of expansive geographical exploration.

Gilles Robert de Vaugondy entered the world of cartography not through family tradition but through personal interest and the budding opportunities of his time. Born in 1688, he worked during a time when Paris was becoming a central hub for cartographic activities. Gilles often incorporated the latest findings from explorers into his maps, making them sought-after for their contemporary relevance. His connections weren't limited to his immediate circle; he frequently interacted with other key mapmakers, staying updated on the latest techniques and findings.

His son, Didier, was born in 1723 and had the advantage of growing up surrounded by maps and globes. While his father was renowned for maps, Didier made a name for himself in the field of globemaking. His globes were some of the most precise and detailed in France, gaining recognition even among the royalty. In addition to his work in cartography and globemaking, Didier had a keen interest in education, especially after the expulsion of the Jesuits from France. He stepped in to produce geographical educational materials, fulfilling a newfound need.

The maps and globes produced by the Vaugondys remain an enduring testament to the peak of French cartography during the Enlightenment. Their works, characterized by precision and the inclusion of contemporary findings, helped to shape our understanding of the world during a transformative period in European history.