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This map, depicts the historical Banat of Temeswar (Timișoara Banat), a frontier province of the Habsburg Monarchy that was established after the Austrian conquest of the region from the Ottoman Empire in 1718. The map illustrates the Banat’s geopolitical divisions, topographical features, and settlements during the late 18th century.
The map outlines the Banat region with clear territorial borders, marked with a yellow boundary line. The Danube River forms the southern boundary, separating the Banat from Belgrade and Serbia. To the north and west, the Banat is bordered by Hungary, while to the east and southeast, it meets Transylvania and Wallachia. The inclusion of mountain ranges, rivers, and fortified towns reflects the area's strategic military importance within the Habsburg Empire.
Several major settlements are marked in red, indicating their prominence as administrative or military centers. The most significant of these is Temeswar (Timișoara), the capital of the Banat and a key Habsburg stronghold. Other notable towns include Pancsova (Pančevo), Lugos (Lugoj), Lipia (Lipova), and Orsova (Orșova). The map captures both larger urban centers and smaller villages, reflecting the region’s demographic diversity and colonial settlement policies under Austrian rule.
The map shows mountain ranges along the eastern border, marking the transition into Transylvania. The rivers shown include the Danube, Tisza, and Mureș, which played a crucial role in trade, defense, and settlement.
The Banat of Temeswar was a frontier province of the Habsburg Monarchy, established following the Treaty of Passarowitz (1718), which ended Ottoman rule in the region. The Austrian government undertook efforts to transform the Banat into a productive agricultural and military frontier, promoting German, Serbian, Hungarian, and Romanian settlements. By the time von Reilly produced this map (circa 1790), the Banat had been integrated into the Habsburg administrative system and was undergoing significant economic and infrastructural development.
