This map presents the North and East Ridings of Yorkshire, a region in England renowned for its historical and geographic significance.
The map is richly adorned with decorative elements, including insets of the towns of Richmond and Hull, over 20 coats of arms, and charming illustrations of sailing ships and mythical sea creatures, enhancing its visual appeal. The map is a prime example of John Speed’s cartographic work, combining detailed geography with ornamental artistry.
The North and East Ridings of Yorkshire encompass a large area marked by both pastoral landscapes and important urban centers. The map outlines numerous towns and villages, with key roads, rivers, and topographical features prominently displayed. The insets of Richmond and Hull provide detailed street plans, illustrating the towns' layouts during the early 17th century. Richmond’s plan highlights its significant castle and surrounding fortified structures, while Hull’s inset emphasizes the town’s strategic location on the River Humber, with detailed fortifications and waterways.
One of the map’s most striking features is the inclusion of numerous coats of arms, representing the powerful families and nobility connected to the region. Among these are the arms of the Earls of Richmond and Holderness, historically significant titles associated with Yorkshire. The map includes the arms of notable figures such as Stephen de Blois, Drugo de Beurer, and Peter de Savoy, each identified by name and title, indicating the deep-rooted aristocratic connections in the area.
The Earldoms of Richmond and Holderness play a central role in Yorkshire’s medieval history. The coats of arms featured along the map's borders trace the lineage of these titles from the Norman Conquest onwards, highlighting the influential families who held power. Richmond, with its iconic castle, was a key seat of the Duchy of Richmond, while Holderness played an important role in defending the eastern coastline. The map not only serves as a geographical guide but also a visual record of the region’s nobility.
The map’s margins and seas are filled with decorative embellishments, including sailing ships that evoke the maritime history of Yorkshire’s eastern coastline. The presence of sea monsters and other mythical creatures adds a touch of whimsy, typical of cartography from this period. The cartouche at the map’s center, framed with elaborate scrollwork, prominently declares the map’s title, underscoring its formal and historical importance.
John Speed (1551 or '52 - 28 July 1629) was the best known English mapmaker of the Stuart period. Speed came to mapmaking late in life, producing his first maps in the 1590s and entering the trade in earnest when he was almost 60 years old.
John Speed's fame, which continues to this day, lies with two atlases, The Theatre of the Empire of Great Britaine (first published 1612), and the Prospect of the Most Famous Parts of the World (1627). While The Theatre ... started as solely a county atlas, it grew into an impressive world atlas with the inclusion of the Prospect in 1627. The plates for the atlas passed through many hands in the 17th century, and the book finally reached its apotheosis in 1676 when it was published by Thomas Bassett and Richard Chiswell, with a number of important maps added for the first time.