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Scarce map of the Bosphorus Straits and contiguous regions, published by Anselmo Banduri

Anselmo Banduri was a Benedictine scholar, archaeologist and numismatologist from the Republic of Ragusa.

Banduri was born in Ragusa, Dalmatia. Banduri joined the Benedictines at an early age and took the monk name Anselmo. He studied at Naples, and was eventually sent to Florence, then a flourishing center of higher studies. Here he made the acquaintance of the famous Benedictine scholar Bernard de Montfaucon, at the time traveling in Italy in search of manuscripts for his edition of the works of St. John Chrysostom. Banduri rendered him valuable services and in return was recommended to Cosimo III de' Medici, Grand Duke of Tuscany for the chair of ecclesiastical history in the University of Pavia. It was also suggested that the young Benedictine be sent to Paris for a period of preparation, and especially to acquire a sound critical sense.

Banduri arrived in Paris in 1702 and entered the Abbey of Saint-Germain-des-Prés as a pensioner of the Grand Duke of Tuscany. He soon became a disciple of the French Maurists and began an edition of the anti-iconoclastic writings of Nicephorus of Constantinople, of the writings of Theodore of Mopsuestia, and of other Greek ecclesiastical authors. Banduri never published these works, though as late as 1722 he announced that he was nearing completion of the work in four folio volumes. In the meantime, he was attracted by the rich treasures of Byzantine manuscript and other material in the Bibliothèque Royale and the Bibliothèque Colbert.

In 1711, Banduri published his De Administrando Imperio (Imperium Orientale, sive Antiquitates Constantinopolitanae, a documentary illustrated work on the Byzantine Empire, based on medieval Greek manuscripts, some of which were then previously unknown. He also defended himself successfully against Casimir Oudin, an ex-Premonstratensian, whose attacks were made on a second-hand knowledge of Banduri's work.

In 1715 Banduri was made an honorary foreign member of the Académie des Inscriptions, and in 1724 was appointed librarian to the Duke of Orléans.